Pylorus-& Spleen-preserving laparoscopic total pancreaticodudenectomy (mixed type IPMT) - Laparotomy Surgery
Chang Moo Kang, MD(video presented in 11th WCES, Yokohama, Japan) Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2011 Aug;21(4):e179-82. Laparoscopic-assisted spleen-preserving and pylorus-preserving total pancreatectomy for main duct type intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas: a case report. Kim DH, Kang CM, Lee WJ. Source†Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreas, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine ‡Clinic of Pancreatic and Biliary Cancer, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul *Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju Christian Hospital, Wonju, Korea. Abstract Minimally invasive and function-preserving pancreatectomy would be the ideal approach for benign and borderline malignant tumors of the pancreas. Total pancreatectomy can be indicated for the main duct type of intraductal papillary mucin-producing tumor (IPMT) to achieve radical resection. Recently, several studies advocating total pancreatectomy in IPMT have been published, but they are all believed to be done by conventional laparotomy. Herein, we report a case of a 72-year-old female patient who successfully underwent laparoscopic-assisted total pancreatectomy with the spleen and pylorus preserved in borderline malignant main duct type IPMT. A marginal ulcer around the duodenojejunostomy was developed, but managed by a proton-pump inhibitor. She was discharged 20 days after surgery. She was followed for more than 2 years ...
วันอาทิตย์ที่ 3 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2555
วันศุกร์ที่ 1 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2555
laparoscopy for repair of rupture of urinary bladder
laparoscopy for repair of rupture of urinary bladder - Laparotomy Surgery
surgical-laparoscopy.com videosurologia.blogspot.com
surgical-laparoscopy.com videosurologia.blogspot.com
laparoscopy, intraperptonel, rupture, urinary, bladder
วันพฤหัสบดีที่ 31 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Laparoscopic extraperitoneal repair of strangulated femoral
Laparoscopic extraperitoneal repair of strangulated femoral - Laparotomy Surgery
A Visiport is used to create the working space. The ring is divided medially and hernia reduced, the dissection is performed afterwards in the usual fashion and the defect is repaired with preformed Bard mesh fixed in place with 5mm Protak. The advantages of using the Visiport are multiple: it is quick and eliminates the fiddle and expense of the balloon kit; the dissection is performed only on the side where the surgery is intended leaving the opposite side untouched ("you don't need to "check" for a hernia on the other side"); by using a Prolene mesh and no fixation the procedure becomes very cheap and provided the hospital has laparoscopic equipment it can be performed at lower costs than open surgery (good for public hospitals, third world countries and for whoever else wants to save money) -- IASGO2007 -- I presented a review of this procedure for inguinal hernia repair substantiated by clinical cases. References: Dr Oliver Florica www.sydneygastricbanding.com.au
A Visiport is used to create the working space. The ring is divided medially and hernia reduced, the dissection is performed afterwards in the usual fashion and the defect is repaired with preformed Bard mesh fixed in place with 5mm Protak. The advantages of using the Visiport are multiple: it is quick and eliminates the fiddle and expense of the balloon kit; the dissection is performed only on the side where the surgery is intended leaving the opposite side untouched ("you don't need to "check" for a hernia on the other side"); by using a Prolene mesh and no fixation the procedure becomes very cheap and provided the hospital has laparoscopic equipment it can be performed at lower costs than open surgery (good for public hospitals, third world countries and for whoever else wants to save money) -- IASGO2007 -- I presented a review of this procedure for inguinal hernia repair substantiated by clinical cases. References: Dr Oliver Florica www.sydneygastricbanding.com.au
Laparoscopy, Visiport, trocar, insufflations, pneumoperitoneum, hernia, extraperitoneal, TEP, TAPP, inguinal, femoral, mesh, groin, bowel, obstruction, laparotomy, insuflation, injury
วันพุธที่ 30 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Surgical Instruments for tracking project
Surgical Instruments for tracking project - Laparotomy Surgery
Set of surgical instruments used for exploratory laparotomy at Methodist Hosp. Indianapolis IN 04-30-2006
Set of surgical instruments used for exploratory laparotomy at Methodist Hosp. Indianapolis IN 04-30-2006
surgery, surgical, instruments
วันอังคารที่ 29 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Laparoscopic Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (LAPEG)
Laparoscopic Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (LAPEG) - Laparotomy Surgery
Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center and OR-Live will conduct a live webcast of a pediatric Laparoscopic Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (LAPEG) procedure Floating Hospital's Chief of Pediatric Surgery Brian Gilchrist, MD and LAPEG creator and Chief of Pediatric Gastroenterology Alex Flores, MD will perform the procedure along with other members of Floating Hospital's specially trained pediatric surgical team. Peter Ngo, MD, Director of Pediatric Endoscopy at Floating Hospital, will moderate the webcast. The event will feature live Internet transmission of the procedure, as well as interviews with Drs. Gilchrist, Ngo, and pediatric surgeon Carl-Christian Jackson, MD. Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy, or "PEG," is the surgical placement of a feeding tube in a patient who is not getting proper nutrition, usually due to metabolic or digestive disorders. The LAPEG procedure was developed by Dr. Flores, and is an enormously innovative advancement on the standard PEG procedure. With the LAPEG operation, the surgeon/gastroenterologist team use laparoscopic surgical techniques to visually confirm correct placement of the feeding tube even in very young infants, avoiding many of the risks of complications posed by conventional PEG surgery.
Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center and OR-Live will conduct a live webcast of a pediatric Laparoscopic Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (LAPEG) procedure Floating Hospital's Chief of Pediatric Surgery Brian Gilchrist, MD and LAPEG creator and Chief of Pediatric Gastroenterology Alex Flores, MD will perform the procedure along with other members of Floating Hospital's specially trained pediatric surgical team. Peter Ngo, MD, Director of Pediatric Endoscopy at Floating Hospital, will moderate the webcast. The event will feature live Internet transmission of the procedure, as well as interviews with Drs. Gilchrist, Ngo, and pediatric surgeon Carl-Christian Jackson, MD. Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy, or "PEG," is the surgical placement of a feeding tube in a patient who is not getting proper nutrition, usually due to metabolic or digestive disorders. The LAPEG procedure was developed by Dr. Flores, and is an enormously innovative advancement on the standard PEG procedure. With the LAPEG operation, the surgeon/gastroenterologist team use laparoscopic surgical techniques to visually confirm correct placement of the feeding tube even in very young infants, avoiding many of the risks of complications posed by conventional PEG surgery.
Laparoscopic, Percutaneous, Endoscopic, Gastrostomy, LAPEGS, PEGS, Pediatric, Surgery, Brian, Gilchrist, PEG, procedure
วันจันทร์ที่ 28 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Caesarean Section: Delivery of the baby and placenta and cleaning the uterine cavity
Caesarean Section: Delivery of the baby and placenta and cleaning the uterine cavity - Laparotomy Surgery
This video "Delivery of the baby and placenta and cleaning the uterine cavity" by Prof. Richard Adanu (University of Ghana) and Prof. Cary Engleberg (University of Michigan) is part of a series of videos from University of Ghana College of Health Sciences about Caesarean Section. The complete learning module is available through the African Health OER Network at: www.oerafrica.org A Caesarean section, also known as C-section, is a surgical procedure in which incisions are made through a motherapos;s abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver one or more babies. It is usually performed when a vaginal delivery would put the babyapos;s or motherapos;s life or health at risk, although in recent times it has been also performed upon request for childbirths that could otherwise have been natural. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that the rate of Caesarean sections should not exceed 15% in any country. This programme includes narrated surgical video of the procedure as well as interactive case exercises and a brief self-assessment. Any medical information in this material is intended to inform and educate and is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a replacement for medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional. Please speak to your physician if you have questions about your medical condition. Viewer discretion is advised: Some medical content is graphic and may not be suitable for all viewers. This is licensed under a ...
This video "Delivery of the baby and placenta and cleaning the uterine cavity" by Prof. Richard Adanu (University of Ghana) and Prof. Cary Engleberg (University of Michigan) is part of a series of videos from University of Ghana College of Health Sciences about Caesarean Section. The complete learning module is available through the African Health OER Network at: www.oerafrica.org A Caesarean section, also known as C-section, is a surgical procedure in which incisions are made through a motherapos;s abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver one or more babies. It is usually performed when a vaginal delivery would put the babyapos;s or motherapos;s life or health at risk, although in recent times it has been also performed upon request for childbirths that could otherwise have been natural. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that the rate of Caesarean sections should not exceed 15% in any country. This programme includes narrated surgical video of the procedure as well as interactive case exercises and a brief self-assessment. Any medical information in this material is intended to inform and educate and is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a replacement for medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional. Please speak to your physician if you have questions about your medical condition. Viewer discretion is advised: Some medical content is graphic and may not be suitable for all viewers. This is licensed under a ...
healthoernetwork, medicine, c-section, caesarean section, obstetrics, gynaecology, maternal health, health education
วันอาทิตย์ที่ 27 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Canine bulldog c-section / caesarean section birth video. English Bulldog
Canine bulldog c-section / caesarean section birth video. English Bulldog - Laparotomy Surgery
Dog / bulldog c-section / caesarean section video. English Bulldog Ch ShrinkAbull Jersey had 8 healthy bulldog puppies born 6/females & 2 males born c-section Oct 2011. C-section, Caesarian section, Cesarean section, Caesar, etc.) is a surgical procedure in which one or more incisions are made through the mother dogs abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver her puppies. The first modern Caesarean section was performed by German gynecologist Ferdinand Adolf Kehrer in 1881. A Caesarean section is usually performed when a vaginal delivery would put the mother dog or her puppies lives or health at risk. Most English bulldog litters are born c-section due to the tremendous risk & high mortality rate for both bulldog mother & bulldog puppies during vaginal delivery.
Dog / bulldog c-section / caesarean section video. English Bulldog Ch ShrinkAbull Jersey had 8 healthy bulldog puppies born 6/females & 2 males born c-section Oct 2011. C-section, Caesarian section, Cesarean section, Caesar, etc.) is a surgical procedure in which one or more incisions are made through the mother dogs abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver her puppies. The first modern Caesarean section was performed by German gynecologist Ferdinand Adolf Kehrer in 1881. A Caesarean section is usually performed when a vaginal delivery would put the mother dog or her puppies lives or health at risk. Most English bulldog litters are born c-section due to the tremendous risk & high mortality rate for both bulldog mother & bulldog puppies during vaginal delivery.
dog, bulldog, C-section, Caesarian section, Cesarean section, Caesar, surgical procedure, english bulldog, english bulldog puppies, puppies, puppy birth, puppies birth, bulldog birth, bulldog delivery, dogs, puppy
ruptured ectopic pregnancy ,laprotomy,drvahabkp
ruptured ectopic pregnancy ,laprotomy,drvahabkp - Laparotomy Surgery
ruptured ectopic pregnancy ,laprotomy,drvahabkp
ruptured ectopic pregnancy ,laprotomy,drvahabkp
ruptured ectopic pregnancy, laprotomy, drvahabkp
วันเสาร์ที่ 26 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Colectomy
Colectomy - Laparotomy Surgery
www.socalgastroenterologist.com Colectomy consists of the surgical resection of any extent of the large bowel. Traditionally, colectomy is performed via an abdominal incision (laparotomy), though minimally invasive colectomy, by means of laparoscopy, is growing both in scope of indications and popularity, and is a well-established procedure as of 2006 in many medical centers. Resection of any part of the colon entails mobilization and ligation of the corresponding blood vessels. Lymphadenectomy is usually performed through excision of the fatty tissue adjacent to these vessels (mesocolon), in operations for colon cancer. When the resection is complete, the surgeon has the option of immediately restoring the bowel, by stitching together both the cut ends (primary anastomosis), or creating a colostomy. Several factors are taken into account, including: * Circumstances of the operation (elective vs emergency); * Disease being treated; * Acute physiological state of the patient; * Impact of living with a colostomy, albeit temporarily; * Use of a specific preoperative regimen of low-residue diet and laxatives (so-called "bowel prep"). An anastomosis carries the risk of dehiscence (breakdown of the stitches), which can lead to contamination of the peritoneal cavity, peritonitis, sepsis and death. Colostomy is always safer, but places a societal, psychological and physical burden on the patient. The choice is by no means an easy one and is rife with controversy, being a frequent ...
www.socalgastroenterologist.com Colectomy consists of the surgical resection of any extent of the large bowel. Traditionally, colectomy is performed via an abdominal incision (laparotomy), though minimally invasive colectomy, by means of laparoscopy, is growing both in scope of indications and popularity, and is a well-established procedure as of 2006 in many medical centers. Resection of any part of the colon entails mobilization and ligation of the corresponding blood vessels. Lymphadenectomy is usually performed through excision of the fatty tissue adjacent to these vessels (mesocolon), in operations for colon cancer. When the resection is complete, the surgeon has the option of immediately restoring the bowel, by stitching together both the cut ends (primary anastomosis), or creating a colostomy. Several factors are taken into account, including: * Circumstances of the operation (elective vs emergency); * Disease being treated; * Acute physiological state of the patient; * Impact of living with a colostomy, albeit temporarily; * Use of a specific preoperative regimen of low-residue diet and laxatives (so-called "bowel prep"). An anastomosis carries the risk of dehiscence (breakdown of the stitches), which can lead to contamination of the peritoneal cavity, peritonitis, sepsis and death. Colostomy is always safer, but places a societal, psychological and physical burden on the patient. The choice is by no means an easy one and is rife with controversy, being a frequent ...
Colectomy, colon, cancer, rectal, colorectal
วันศุกร์ที่ 25 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Diagnostic Laparoscopy
Diagnostic Laparoscopy - Laparotomy Surgery
An excellent case of diagnostic laparoscopy
An excellent case of diagnostic laparoscopy
Diagnostic, Laparoscopy, Surgery, Anil, Khetarpal, Hospital, Minimal, Invasive
วันพุธที่ 23 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
laparoscopic burch colposuspension.wmv
laparoscopic burch colposuspension.wmv - Laparotomy Surgery
laparoscopic burch colposuspension for urodynamic stress incontinence
laparoscopic burch colposuspension for urodynamic stress incontinence
laparoscopic, burch, final
วันอังคารที่ 22 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
medical Disasters - 8 straightforward Tips Guaranteed to Save Your Life in the Operating Room
Imagine the galvanic thrill your doctor gets when as a patient you tell him, "Doctor, you're a life-saver!" And he was! He ordered the treatment that brought you out of congestive failure.
Now, fantasize the bolt of lightning that sears your brain when you comprehend that the treatment your doctor ordered almost cost you your life. In teaching institutions and large corporative Hmos this happens more than they care to admit.
Here Are 2 healing Disasters You Can Avoid If corollary My Tips & If You Ask the Right Questions:
Laparotomy Surgery:medical Disasters - 8 straightforward Tips Guaranteed to Save Your Life in the Operating Room
Medical Disaster 1: A straightforward knee doing ending in amputation
D.W was a 63-year-old woman was in scorching pain with an arthritic right knee. So, she saw the new surgeon in town who seemed like a very nice, educable and competent surgeon.
The surgeon suggested a total knee replacement. "You'll be good as new!" he reassured her. Yet, the severe pain and swelling after the surgery still prohibited her from regaining general range of motion.
After three months her knee was so stiff the surgeon performed a "manipulation under anesthesia" to break up scar tissue. It didn't work.
At six months post operative someone else surgeon told her, "Your surgeon is a very nice man, but he is brand new in convention and the prosthesis was not put in correctly." He recommended a revision. during the correction the patellar tendon ripped off the tibia, and the new surgeon reattached it with a bone screw. Later, the wound popped open and the screw head stuck out of the wound. The knee became infected. Now she is facing an amputation.
By request these 4 questions, you can avoid this precisely preventable healing disaster:
- How many operations of this nature have you performed?
- What can go wrong and what will you do to forestall it from happening?
- What other forms of treatment are there?
- Who would you go to, face of your own office, if you needed this treatment?" Get a second opinion.
Medical Disaster #2: A gall bladder surgery that almost cost a patient's life
J.M. Was a 55 year old suffering every day with chronically infected gall bladder. His internist referred him to the teaching convention and healing town due to serious scar tissue colse to the gall bladder making a laparotomy and excision of the gall bladder necessary.
In the beginning, J.M. Was precisely pleased with the team of residents and healing students who would be taking care of him. He liked his attending surgeon who was very leading in his field, and he was reassured when the surgeon greeted him in the doing room the next morning.
During surgery the attending opened up the abdomen, and then let the chief resident take over the removal of the scarred gall bladder while he left to make phone calls. The attending poked his head back into the room to make sure all things was okay, and then left.
As the surgery went well, the chief resident then gave the closure to the first year resident so he can go see consults. The first year resident used this occasion to let the healing students convention tying quadrilateral knots during the closure.
That night the floor nurse called the resident to help conduct severe pain. He ordered Iv Toradol, which is usually very effective. But he forgot the healing student's history and corporal of the patient, which he'd signed-off on. This article indicated that J.M. Was allergic to aspirin - similar to Toradol.
The next morning J.M. Had hiccoughs and the lower part of the wound closure started to pop open. An X-ray of the abdomen showed free air where a perforated ulcer had occurred in the stomach due to the Toradol. But that's not even the worst part.
Jj.M started to vomit blood and go into shock. He was then rushed back into surgery where a thriving hemi-gastrectomy was performed. This time the attending stayed and closed the entire wound himself.
Here are my top 4 tips to help you avoid this healing disaster:
- Always ask, "Doctor, are you personally going to perform my surgery, and will you be there until the end of the operation?"
- Be aware that when you are in a teaching institution, person is going to be learning on you.
- Actively engaged yourself in your care. Be questioning, not confrontational. Ask what medicines you are being given and know your allergies.
- Ask, "Doctor, have you practiced in other cities before advent here?" A doctor that moves a lot is a "red flag."
These eight system or questions can help you avoid the above healing disasters and many others described in my new book, Death on the learning Curve". Knowing them will empower you receive the best care inherent when treatment is necessary.
Laparotomy Surgery:medical Disasters - 8 straightforward Tips Guaranteed to Save Your Life in the Operating Roomวันจันทร์ที่ 21 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Get to Know the involved Ovarian Cyst
A complicated ovarian cyst is base among women of child bearing age. Ordinarily most cysts are 85% benign while child bearing age but in menopausal stage of women, there is a greater risk of cancer. Cysts are composed of liquid and solid. Solid parts pose the real danger as they can be malignant or benign. Study states that 85% of cysts are benign.
There are 3 types of cysts: cyst adenomas, endometrioma and dermoid. Cyst adenomas consists of liquid and mucus; it is Ordinarily painful and can grow quite large. On the other hand, endometrioma grows outside the uterus which is caused by endometriosis foremost to ovarian complications if left untreated. The last type is Dermoid, produced from the same cells which make up the human egg. It can have hair, hair follicle and teeth and can cause large number of pain. However, this is not a cancerous cyst.
Symptoms may contain pain, pelvic discomfort, pain while sexual intercourse, abnormal bleeding, nausea, vomiting and breast tenderness. These symptoms look as if to pregnancy. However, some women may not feel any of these symptoms. More often, complicated ovarian cyst is discovered while routine checkup. Early consultation and detection of this condition is necessary, especially if found on menopausal period, as this can be cancerous.
Laparotomy Surgery:Get to Know the involved Ovarian Cyst
Diagnostic test for complicated ovarian cysts contain laparoscopy, laparotomy, pelvic examination, ultrasound, Ct scan, Mri, and blood test will also help. These diagnostic tests will conclude the size and nature of cyst present.
Treatment for complicated ovarian cysts will depend on the size and type of cysts. If the cyst is benign, wee or no medicine is required. Birth control pills can also be given to stop ovulation and thus represses ovarian cysts. The pill also decreases the size of the follicle and of the existing cysts. Continued use of birth control pills may succeed in other condition issues. Another medicine is management of pain relievers prescribed by doctors to remedy the pain.
If cysts are cancerous and enormously large, surgery is then an option. The ultimate explication is surgical extraction if this is the case; this is in fact the fastest but also has many risks. However, surgical extraction of the cysts does not solve the main problem, it only momentarily eliminates the cysts but re-occurrence will not be prevented. Natural remedies can also be followed by increasing fiber and water intake, vitamins, herbs and following sure diets.
Laparotomy Surgery:Get to Know the involved Ovarian Cystวันอาทิตย์ที่ 20 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Laparoscopy Twisted Ovarian Cyst Video (Lap Ovary Cyst)
Laparoscopy Twisted Ovarian Cyst Video (Lap Ovary Cyst) - Laparotomy Surgery
Dr.K. Ramesh Naidu MS FAIS ---- Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India Vizag: ---- Web: www.lapsurgeonindia.com -- Mobile: +91-98491-27287 --www.lapindia.com Laparoscopy Twisted Ovarian Cyst Video (Lap Ovary Cyst) keyhole laparoscopic surgery for pain abdomen -- torsion ovarian cyst
Dr.K. Ramesh Naidu MS FAIS ---- Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India Vizag: ---- Web: www.lapsurgeonindia.com -- Mobile: +91-98491-27287 --www.lapindia.com Laparoscopy Twisted Ovarian Cyst Video (Lap Ovary Cyst) keyhole laparoscopic surgery for pain abdomen -- torsion ovarian cyst
Laparoscopy, Twisted, Ovarian, Cyst, Video, (Lap, Ovary, Cyst), keyhole, laparoscopic, surgery, for, --, torsion
วันเสาร์ที่ 19 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Severe endometriosis 3 of 7
Severe endometriosis 3 of 7 - Laparotomy Surgery
Adhesiolysis in progress
Adhesiolysis in progress
endometriosis, adhesions, laparoscopy, surgery
วันศุกร์ที่ 18 พฤษภาคม พ.ศ. 2555
Achanak (1973) Multiple Caesarean sections of a Soldier's Life
Achanak (1973) Multiple Caesarean sections of a Soldier's Life - Laparotomy Surgery
en.wikipedia.org A Caesarean section (US: Cesarean section), also C-section, Caesarian section, Cesarian section, Caesar, etc., is a surgical procedure in which one or more incisions are made through a mother's abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver one or more babies, or, rarely, to remove a dead fetus. Bindusara (Born c. 320 BC, ruled: 298 - c.272 BC) , the second Mauryan emperor of India after Chandragupta Maurya the Great, is said to be first child born by surgery. Her mother, wife of Chandragupta Maurya, when she was pregnant and was about to deliver, accidentally consumed poison and died. Chanakya, the chandragupta's teacher and advisor, made up his mind that the baby should survive. He cut open the belly of the queen and took out the baby, thus saving the baby's life. There are several types of Caesarean section (CS). An important distinction lies in the type of incision (longitudinal or latitudinal) made on the uterus, apart from the incision on the skin. The classical Caesarean section involves a midline longitudinal incision which allows a larger space to deliver the baby. However, it is rarely performed today as it is more prone to complications. The lower uterine segment section is the procedure most commonly used today; it involves a transverse cut just above the edge of the bladder and results in less blood loss and is easier to repair. An emergency Caesarean section is a Caesarean performed once labour has commenced. A crash Caesarean ...
en.wikipedia.org A Caesarean section (US: Cesarean section), also C-section, Caesarian section, Cesarian section, Caesar, etc., is a surgical procedure in which one or more incisions are made through a mother's abdomen (laparotomy) and uterus (hysterotomy) to deliver one or more babies, or, rarely, to remove a dead fetus. Bindusara (Born c. 320 BC, ruled: 298 - c.272 BC) , the second Mauryan emperor of India after Chandragupta Maurya the Great, is said to be first child born by surgery. Her mother, wife of Chandragupta Maurya, when she was pregnant and was about to deliver, accidentally consumed poison and died. Chanakya, the chandragupta's teacher and advisor, made up his mind that the baby should survive. He cut open the belly of the queen and took out the baby, thus saving the baby's life. There are several types of Caesarean section (CS). An important distinction lies in the type of incision (longitudinal or latitudinal) made on the uterus, apart from the incision on the skin. The classical Caesarean section involves a midline longitudinal incision which allows a larger space to deliver the baby. However, it is rarely performed today as it is more prone to complications. The lower uterine segment section is the procedure most commonly used today; it involves a transverse cut just above the edge of the bladder and results in less blood loss and is easier to repair. An emergency Caesarean section is a Caesarean performed once labour has commenced. A crash Caesarean ...
Achanak, (1973), Multiple, Caesarean, sections, of, Soldier's, Life